What is a bill?
A bill is a law which are formal rules which society uses to define how people and businesses/organizations are expected to behave. In Australia, people are elected to represent Australian and make laws on our behalf. For Example, in Section 51 of the Australian Constitution, this provides the federal parliament the power to make laws for the peace, order and good government of the Commonwealth, this is in relation to certain matters. In Parliament, a bill is a proposal for a new law or to change one that is already existing, if this is passed through by the parliament, it then becomes a law, also known as an Act of Parliament. A bill is usually created to address an important issue which is facing the Australian Community.
How are bills initiated?
A bill is initiated by the Minister who is responsible for its passage through Parliament, the bill is tabled for the first reading and a notice will be given out to the house of the new proposal which is being read. Copies of the bill will be handed out along with an explanatory memorandum.
Who reads out the bill to the House in the first reading?
This is a formal stage of proceedings where the bill is read by the Clerk of the House and the bill is read for the first time. There is no literal reading of the bill, this would have been done by each member in private outside of Parliament. When reading out the bill, and the process it only takes a few minutes and the speaker calls on the members to approve the first reading.
What is the purpose of the second reading?
The second reading can be read straight after the first reading or days later, this is because the speech in which he or she outlines broadens the principles and the intent of the legislation. The timing of the debate would depend on the urgency with which cabinet in Parliament wants the bill debated and passed. The minister would address the main objectives of the bill as to why this bill is necessary and how it will be funded and administrated.
what is a public bill?
A public bill can be separated into two categories:
- ordinary public bill
this is a bill which does not impose a tax or authorize spending, as it can be originated in either House of Parliament
and this then provides the ordinary legislative functions of parliament.
- supply/money bill
In section 53 of the Australian Constitution it prescribes that the money bills must originate in the House of
Representatives and that the senate can amend them. A supply bill is appropriate to consolidate revenue to finance
the services of government.
This is a bill which has been proposed and drafted by the government to achieve a specific function in which all members' of the community will be bound when it becomes a new law. In the normal cause of events, a minister of the government would introduce a public bill into the parliament and accept the responsibility to steer the passage through all the readings.
what is a private bill?
A private bill is initiated by an individual minister of Parliament, this could include a government back bencher or an opposition of cross bench member, they cannot impose or vary tax or appropriate money from a consolidated fund. A private bill is unlikely to succeed unless supported by government because it holds the majority of seats in the lower house.
Why do public bills generally pass in the lower house in a straight-forward manner?
The reason for public bills passing in the lower house is because that is where the government is formed, and that is where the most amount of seating's are in government for an election.
What happens in the senate that allows “careful consideration and wider consultation” and at what stage does this happen?
In the senate there are careful considerations and wider consultation because of the government which hardly holds majority in the senate. In the senate, it holds small amount this is why they pass in the lower house, this then results in careful consideration and wider consultation in the senate.
What is a conscience vote?
A conscience vote also known as a free vote is a type of vote that is in the legislative body where the legislators are allowed to vote according to their own personal conscience rather than according to an official line set down by their political party.
What is another difference between a public bill and a private members' bill?
The difference between a public bill and a private members' bill is that a public bill applies to everyone in the general public, and these laws apply to all people, an example of this would be, that everyone that drives a motor vehicle on the South Australian roads are required to go the speed limit provided, whereas, a private bill is for a specific person, or group an example of this may be divorce, protecting an individual for some allegedly wrongful act.
What is a deadlock?
A deadlock occurs when the House of Representatives passes a bill twice and it is rejected twice in the senate and after a lapse of three months between each rejection.
What are the constitutional requirements for section 57's mechanism to resolve the deadlock?
To resolve the disagreements and deadlocks in the South Australian Parliament is the consensus model, a conference is consisting of five members which are called managers, they are from each house that meets outside of the parliament to discuss the deadlock and come to some kind of agreement which is resulting is resolving the deadlock.
There are a few other means that the government can use to resolve the deadlocks between the two houses of parliament, these may include:
- compromise
- Abandonment
- The double dissolution mechanism
- An Managers conference
Why is a double dissolution not a particularly viable solution to resolve a dead lock in state parliament?
To resolve a deadlock, the government needs a particular amount of seating's in the legislative council, in the past it is shown that the voting system makes it difficult for the government to increase the number of seats in an election, this then makes the double dissolution not a particularly viable solution.
A bill is a law which are formal rules which society uses to define how people and businesses/organizations are expected to behave. In Australia, people are elected to represent Australian and make laws on our behalf. For Example, in Section 51 of the Australian Constitution, this provides the federal parliament the power to make laws for the peace, order and good government of the Commonwealth, this is in relation to certain matters. In Parliament, a bill is a proposal for a new law or to change one that is already existing, if this is passed through by the parliament, it then becomes a law, also known as an Act of Parliament. A bill is usually created to address an important issue which is facing the Australian Community.
How are bills initiated?
A bill is initiated by the Minister who is responsible for its passage through Parliament, the bill is tabled for the first reading and a notice will be given out to the house of the new proposal which is being read. Copies of the bill will be handed out along with an explanatory memorandum.
Who reads out the bill to the House in the first reading?
This is a formal stage of proceedings where the bill is read by the Clerk of the House and the bill is read for the first time. There is no literal reading of the bill, this would have been done by each member in private outside of Parliament. When reading out the bill, and the process it only takes a few minutes and the speaker calls on the members to approve the first reading.
What is the purpose of the second reading?
The second reading can be read straight after the first reading or days later, this is because the speech in which he or she outlines broadens the principles and the intent of the legislation. The timing of the debate would depend on the urgency with which cabinet in Parliament wants the bill debated and passed. The minister would address the main objectives of the bill as to why this bill is necessary and how it will be funded and administrated.
what is a public bill?
A public bill can be separated into two categories:
- ordinary public bill
this is a bill which does not impose a tax or authorize spending, as it can be originated in either House of Parliament
and this then provides the ordinary legislative functions of parliament.
- supply/money bill
In section 53 of the Australian Constitution it prescribes that the money bills must originate in the House of
Representatives and that the senate can amend them. A supply bill is appropriate to consolidate revenue to finance
the services of government.
This is a bill which has been proposed and drafted by the government to achieve a specific function in which all members' of the community will be bound when it becomes a new law. In the normal cause of events, a minister of the government would introduce a public bill into the parliament and accept the responsibility to steer the passage through all the readings.
what is a private bill?
A private bill is initiated by an individual minister of Parliament, this could include a government back bencher or an opposition of cross bench member, they cannot impose or vary tax or appropriate money from a consolidated fund. A private bill is unlikely to succeed unless supported by government because it holds the majority of seats in the lower house.
Why do public bills generally pass in the lower house in a straight-forward manner?
The reason for public bills passing in the lower house is because that is where the government is formed, and that is where the most amount of seating's are in government for an election.
What happens in the senate that allows “careful consideration and wider consultation” and at what stage does this happen?
In the senate there are careful considerations and wider consultation because of the government which hardly holds majority in the senate. In the senate, it holds small amount this is why they pass in the lower house, this then results in careful consideration and wider consultation in the senate.
What is a conscience vote?
A conscience vote also known as a free vote is a type of vote that is in the legislative body where the legislators are allowed to vote according to their own personal conscience rather than according to an official line set down by their political party.
What is another difference between a public bill and a private members' bill?
The difference between a public bill and a private members' bill is that a public bill applies to everyone in the general public, and these laws apply to all people, an example of this would be, that everyone that drives a motor vehicle on the South Australian roads are required to go the speed limit provided, whereas, a private bill is for a specific person, or group an example of this may be divorce, protecting an individual for some allegedly wrongful act.
What is a deadlock?
A deadlock occurs when the House of Representatives passes a bill twice and it is rejected twice in the senate and after a lapse of three months between each rejection.
What are the constitutional requirements for section 57's mechanism to resolve the deadlock?
To resolve the disagreements and deadlocks in the South Australian Parliament is the consensus model, a conference is consisting of five members which are called managers, they are from each house that meets outside of the parliament to discuss the deadlock and come to some kind of agreement which is resulting is resolving the deadlock.
There are a few other means that the government can use to resolve the deadlocks between the two houses of parliament, these may include:
- compromise
- Abandonment
- The double dissolution mechanism
- An Managers conference
Why is a double dissolution not a particularly viable solution to resolve a dead lock in state parliament?
To resolve a deadlock, the government needs a particular amount of seating's in the legislative council, in the past it is shown that the voting system makes it difficult for the government to increase the number of seats in an election, this then makes the double dissolution not a particularly viable solution.